Today pelletization technology represents an efficient pathway for manufacture of drug delivery system. There is different pelletization and granulation techniques available to prepare drug loaded spherical particles or granules. Extrusion Spheronization is one of pelletization techniques and utilized in formulation of beads and pellets. Limitations related to bioavailability and site specific drug delivery can be overcome by this technique. Today this technology has gained attention because of its simple and fast processing. Compared to single-unit dosage forms, oral multiparticulate drug-delivery systems (e.g. pellets, granules) offer biopharmaceutical advantages in terms of a more even and predictable distribution and transportation in the gastro-intestinal tract. Extrusion spheronization is widely utilized in formulation of sustained release, controlled release delivery system or modified release delivery systems. This review article focused on frequently used pelletization techniques for producing pellets for oral drug delivery by extrusion spheronization process, parameters and its application in pharmaceutical industry as well as melt extrusion modified process utilized for formulation of sustained release tablets, transdermal delivery system and transmucosal delivery system in pharmaceutical industry. Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. Layering processes have been used over the years for manufacturing of pellets. Most of the scientists have focused research on refining and optimizing existing pelletization techniques and also focused on the development of novel approaches and procedures of manufacturing pellets employing innovative formulation and processing equipment. These pelletization techniques have great impact on the development of different type’s novel drug delivery systems. A number of pelletized products are being designed to maximize the in vivo performance of medications already in the market and to meet all regulatory requirements.
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